![]() These findings must draw attention to the possible transfer of this sequence type from animals to human the same as from human to human. pneumoniae isolates were detected in Spain from samples of fresh products of chicken and turkey were harboring ST 627 of high resistance rates to many antibiotics. Surprisingly, this sequence type is not only found in human beings but also found in poultry this finding was reported by a Lebanese group in 2016–2017. This finding was confirmed by the study conducted in Czech Republic that raises the alarm to aware the importance of this sequence type for further studies. This sequence type not only presents in hospitalized patients colonized with Klebsiella, but also it has been found powerfully in pediatric oncology wards in cancer children. Another conducted one-year study in Greece showed the presence of the same ST between other sequence types of Klebsiella strains which forms a great worse issue in treatment options and infection control practices in health care facilities. ST 627 was one of these types, which were carried by Tn4401. These types showed moderate to high resistance rates to many antimicrobial agents. pneumoniae strains which become endemic in their country. ST 627 was previously detected in other countries a two-year epidemiological study in Korea of 362 Enterobacteriaceae strains showed the presence of many sequence types of K. In Egypt, ST 627 was recently detected in four K. Inasmuch, ST 258 has disseminated especially in North America, Latin America, and several countries in Europe while ST 11 has been disseminated in Asia and South America. Many STs have been specific for certain geographical areas and some have been epidemic and/ or endemic. pneumoniae is largely oligoclonal many sequence types have been recorded ST 11, ST 14, ST 15, ST 26, ST 101, ST 147, ST 149, ST 231, ST 258, ST 627, and ST 977. Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) is one of the molecular methods used for characterization of bacterial isolates genetic relationship and it is mainly intended for molecular epidemiology of microbes of public health issues. Genotyping for such an important pathogen is a demand. pneumoniae as a critical priority microbe due to the high morbidity and mortality accompanied with its infection. pneumoniae is responsible for nearly one third of all the Gram-negative infections. pneumoniae is a clear and present danger. Many studies have proved that the antimicrobial resistance in K. pneumoniae has become a major public health problem specially after the emergence of multi-drug resistant isolates. pneumoniae is responsible for several human infections including urinary tract, respiratory tract, and bloodstream infections. It is one of the most opportunistic microorganisms that associated with community-acquired and nosocomial infections and contributed progressively to health care associated infections. Klebsiella pneumoniae is a non-motile Gram-negative bacterium. Our results shed light on critical tasks of mobile genetic elements in ST 627 in antibiotic resistance spreading. All samples harbored CRISPR arrays including CRISPR1 and CRISPR2. Entero P88, Salmon SEN5, and Klebsi phiKO2 intact phage regions were identified. IncFIB(K) and IncFII(K) are two replicons found in all samples, while ColRNAI replicon was found only in K90. One plasmid was found in all samples known as pC17KP0052-1 and another plasmid with accession no. The capsular typing revealed that the four strains are KL-24 and O1v1. Resistance genes such as tet(D), aph(3’’)-Ib, aph(6)-Id, blaTEM-234, fosA, and fosA6 were mainly responsible for tetracycline, aminoglycoside, and fosfomycin resistance respectively. The molecular characterization revealed 15 and 65 antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes, respectively. Genome sequences were examined for resistance and virulence determinants, capsular types, plasmids, insertion sequences, phage regions, and Clustered Regularly Interspaced Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) regions using bioinformatic analysis. pneumoniae ST627 for whole genome sequencing utilizing an Illumina MiSeq platform. Despites the global dissemination of this ST, there is still paucity of information about it. It is largely oligoclonal based on multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) in Egypt, ST 627 was recently detected. Klebsiella pneumoniae is considered a threat to public health especially due to multidrug resistance emergence.
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